This will be a more detailed look at what happens when a semi-automatic or fully automatic gun is fired. It will also ruin a lot of movies, so there’s that.
First, what is a “blank?”
A blank is a round that lacks a bullet. It’s basically a noisemaker. The pistols fired at track meets use blanks. Some nail guns use blanks. To make a blank, you need to take a normal casing, fill it with powder, then seal the end with a paper disk (revolvers and single shots only) or by crimping the end together to make a point. Some use a mix of the two.
When a blank is fired, the powder burns to create gas. That gas flows down the barrel where it makes a noise as it hits the air.
BLANKS ARE DANGEROUS!